While Immanuel Kant thought the Will was subject to human reason and so rational, Arthur Schopenhauer believed it was

A) a blind, violent force operating through us, provoking us to act through desires and passions.
B) rational but based on God's Will.
C) rational but based on the passions and not reason.
D) a pure illusion.

Blind

Lacking the ability to see due to physiological or neurological factors affecting the eyes or visual pathways.

Arthur Schopenhauer

A German philosopher best known for his book, "The World as Will and Representation," in which he characterizes the phenomenal world as the product of a blind, insatiable, and malignant metaphysical will.

Immanuel Kant

A key figure in modern philosophy who argued that human understanding shapes our experience of the world.